Employee retention strategies and organizational performance pdf Canterbury

employee retention strategies and organizational performance pdf

Employee Turnover Causes Consequences and Retention performance measurement framework for implementation of the strategic direction. As implementation of the Recruitment and Employee Retention strategies is a complex endeav- or involving many stakeholders and projects, accountability is essential to effective perfor-mance measurement. While the Recruitment and Employee Retention strategies will provide direction for recruitment and retention

Impact of Employee Retention on Performance of a Company

THE PERCEIVED RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN EMPLOYEE. completion of organization’s goals and objectives. Employee retention is key element for improving the Employee’s productivity. Employee retention may help organization performance to be improved and it is concerned to smoothing business process. In most of the jobs concerned to …, The study empirically examines the relationship between employee retention strategies and organizational performance. Using a sample size of 120 respondents in a leading beverage establishment in.

Employee Retention refers to the techniques employed by the management to help the employees stay with the organization for a longer period of time. Employee retention strategies go a long way in motivating the employees so that they stick to the organization for the maximum time and contribute effectively. Sincere efforts must be taken to Employee Retention Strategies – An Empirical Research By Dr. K. Balaji Mathimaran & Prof. Dr. A. Ananda Kumar Christ College of Engineering & Technology . Abstract- Human resources are the livelihood of all types of an organization. Even though all types of the organizations are now a days, found to be technology driven, yet human resources are required to run the technology. With all round

Employees are the assets of any organization. The organizations have to strive to retain the talents of the employees by implementing effective retention strategies. These strategies would subsequently have an impact on productivity and sustainability of the organization. Employee retention refers to the various policies and practices which let 7 Great Employee Retention Strategies Chad Halvorson-- When 7 Best Practices for an Effective Employee Performance Review. Comments. Share Your Thoughts on 7 Great Employee Retention Strategies. 13 Comments . Jennifer Orr says: June 17, 2015 at 2:08 pm. These are great! I worked for a company for 4 1/2 years and they really did well with employee retention when I first started. As the

Background: There are several studies conducted on organization’s retention strategy for various sectors, however, few studies explore the link between employee benefit as retention strategy in restaurant chains in India. Objective: This study explores employee benefits as retention strategy in a chain of restaurants in India. Compensation as a Retention Strategy EXECUTIVE SUMMARY In today’s globalized economy, the importance of opportunities for growth, advancement, and work-life balance in the office vary from employee to employee. If one or all of those needs are not met, employees may seek employment elsewhere. The role of Human

Employee retention refers to all those practices which let the employees stick to an organization for a longer time. Employee retention techniques go a long way in motivating the employees for them to enjoy their work and avoid changing jobs frequently. 7 Great Employee Retention Strategies Chad Halvorson-- When 7 Best Practices for an Effective Employee Performance Review. Comments. Share Your Thoughts on 7 Great Employee Retention Strategies. 13 Comments . Jennifer Orr says: June 17, 2015 at 2:08 pm. These are great! I worked for a company for 4 1/2 years and they really did well with employee retention when I first started. As the

Mostly the targets here are high performing or experienced professionals who have been the reason for company’s growth and performance. These are the employees who are critical to the organization and should be retained. Employee retention strategies should be designed to ensure that they stay back and remain loyal to the organization. Organizational Culture and Retention Key Points To this point, we have considered some specific HRM practices that have been linked to employee retention. There is little doubt that recruitment and selection, socialization, training and development, performance management, and compensation and benefits contributedirectly to an organization'sability to attract and retain good employees. We have

This study focuses on analyzing and exploring the impact of performance management system on employee performance. According to Chan and Lynn (1991), the organizational performance criteria should include profitability, productivity, marketing effectiveness, customer satisfaction, but also employee morale. In this Findings – The study revealed that it is more profitable for organizations to put in place appropriate employee‐retention strategies such as good organization's image, staff participation in decision making, enhanced and regular salary package, and humane treatment of employees as strategies for organizational performance.

The study empirically examines the relationship between employee retention strategies and organizational performance. Using a sample size of 120 respondents in a leading beverage establishment in Nigeria, the results shows that organizations with adequate employee retention strategies in form of enhanced and regular monthly Salary package organizational effectiveness, business managers need to focus on engaging and aligning their employees, the structure, people management models and competencies to the organizational strategy. This commitment results in high employee retention, high financial performance and high customers’ satisfaction (Muhammad, Naseer, Sheraz, & Mahfooz

the perceived relationship between employee retention and organizational performance at national oil corporation of kenya mariam kathini maliku a research project submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the award of the degree of master of business administration (mba), school of business, university of nairobi 2014 Employee Turnover: Causes, Consequences and Retention Strategies in Saudi Organizations Article (PDF Available) В· January 2010 with 40,057 Reads How we measure 'reads'

Organizational Culture and Retention Key Points To this point, we have considered some specific HRM practices that have been linked to employee retention. There is little doubt that recruitment and selection, socialization, training and development, performance management, and compensation and benefits contributedirectly to an organization'sability to attract and retain good employees. We have Background: There are several studies conducted on organization’s retention strategy for various sectors, however, few studies explore the link between employee benefit as retention strategy in restaurant chains in India. Objective: This study explores employee benefits as retention strategy in a chain of restaurants in India.

Organizational Culture and Retention Key Points To this point, we have considered some specific HRM practices that have been linked to employee retention. There is little doubt that recruitment and selection, socialization, training and development, performance management, and compensation and benefits contributedirectly to an organization'sability to attract and retain good employees. We have Literature Review . Impact of Employee Retention on Performance of a Company. Literature Review. Impact of Employee Retention on Performance of a Company explains that Employee retention have two different aspects one is that when employee feel retain in the company for long time then he didn’t do work properly and feel free from duty, didn

7 Great Employee Retention Strategies Chad Halvorson-- When 7 Best Practices for an Effective Employee Performance Review. Comments. Share Your Thoughts on 7 Great Employee Retention Strategies. 13 Comments . Jennifer Orr says: June 17, 2015 at 2:08 pm. These are great! I worked for a company for 4 1/2 years and they really did well with employee retention when I first started. As the Literature Review . Impact of Employee Retention on Performance of a Company. Literature Review. Impact of Employee Retention on Performance of a Company explains that Employee retention have two different aspects one is that when employee feel retain in the company for long time then he didn’t do work properly and feel free from duty, didn

Employee Retention Strategies And Organizational Performance

employee retention strategies and organizational performance pdf

What is Employee Retention? Benefits and Disadvantages. (cost paid by employee) Parenting guide: tips to help new parents successfully return from a leave of absence – Lactation rooms– Casual dress policies– REtEntion tHRoUGH CoMPEnSation It’s impossible to consider your organization’s retention strategies without also looking at your compensation package. Every compensation plan should be, (cost paid by employee) Parenting guide: tips to help new parents successfully return from a leave of absence – Lactation rooms– Casual dress policies– REtEntion tHRoUGH CoMPEnSation It’s impossible to consider your organization’s retention strategies without also looking at your compensation package. Every compensation plan should be.

Compensation as a Retention Strategy Microfinance Gateway

employee retention strategies and organizational performance pdf

(PDF) Employee Retention Strategies And Organizational. Compensation can have a direct impact on employee retention. While employers may use employee incentives and monetary rewards to retain employees, there are ways to complement compensation that have a much greater impact. Based on the type of compensation, along with the terms and conditions of an employee https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Competitor_analysis organizational effectiveness, business managers need to focus on engaging and aligning their employees, the structure, people management models and competencies to the organizational strategy. This commitment results in high employee retention, high financial performance and high customers’ satisfaction (Muhammad, Naseer, Sheraz, & Mahfooz.

employee retention strategies and organizational performance pdf


Employee Retention refers to the techniques employed by the management to help the employees stay with the organization for a longer period of time. Employee retention strategies go a long way in motivating the employees so that they stick to the organization for the maximum time and contribute effectively. Sincere efforts must be taken to Compensation can have a direct impact on employee retention. While employers may use employee incentives and monetary rewards to retain employees, there are ways to complement compensation that have a much greater impact. Based on the type of compensation, along with the terms and conditions of an employee

This study focuses on analyzing and exploring the impact of performance management system on employee performance. According to Chan and Lynn (1991), the organizational performance criteria should include profitability, productivity, marketing effectiveness, customer satisfaction, but also employee morale. In this Employee retention refers to all those practices which let the employees stick to an organization for a longer time. Employee retention techniques go a long way in motivating the employees for them to enjoy their work and avoid changing jobs frequently.

performance measurement framework for implementation of the strategic direction. As implementation of the Recruitment and Employee Retention strategies is a complex endeav- or involving many stakeholders and projects, accountability is essential to effective perfor-mance measurement. While the Recruitment and Employee Retention strategies will provide direction for recruitment and retention Employees are the assets of any organization. The organizations have to strive to retain the talents of the employees by implementing effective retention strategies. These strategies would subsequently have an impact on productivity and sustainability of the organization. Employee retention refers to the various policies and practices which let

Literature Review . Impact of Employee Retention on Performance of a Company. Literature Review. Impact of Employee Retention on Performance of a Company explains that Employee retention have two different aspects one is that when employee feel retain in the company for long time then he didn’t do work properly and feel free from duty, didn The purpose of the study was to investigate the influence of employee retention strategies on the performance of Kenya Power and Lighting Company Limited. The literature is mainly on theoretical foundation of the study, employee retention, organizational performance and effects of Employee Retentions on Organizational Performance. For this

(cost paid by employee) Parenting guide: tips to help new parents successfully return from a leave of absence – Lactation rooms– Casual dress policies– REtEntion tHRoUGH CoMPEnSation It’s impossible to consider your organization’s retention strategies without also looking at your compensation package. Every compensation plan should be The study empirically examines the relationship between employee retention strategies and organizational performance. Using a sample size of 120 respondents in a leading beverage establishment in Nigeria, the results shows that organizations with adequate employee retention strategies in form of enhanced and regular monthly Salary package

Employee Turnover: Causes, Consequences and Retention Strategies in Saudi Organizations Article (PDF Available) · January 2010 with 40,057 Reads How we measure 'reads' 28/06/2017 · With an emphasis on the type of employee turnover as a situational factor, this research establishes the hypothesized relationships between different employee turnovers—employee transfers, quits, and involuntary turnover—and organizational performance, and tests them using panel data from 2010 to 2014 in agencies of the U.S. federal

Employee Retention Strategies – An Empirical Research By Dr. K. Balaji Mathimaran & Prof. Dr. A. Ananda Kumar Christ College of Engineering & Technology . Abstract- Human resources are the livelihood of all types of an organization. Even though all types of the organizations are now a days, found to be technology driven, yet human resources are required to run the technology. With all round Organizational Culture and Retention Key Points To this point, we have considered some specific HRM practices that have been linked to employee retention. There is little doubt that recruitment and selection, socialization, training and development, performance management, and compensation and benefits contributedirectly to an organization'sability to attract and retain good employees. We have

an organization needs to be viewed as the "best place to work." A high employee-retention rate implies that the organization is the employer of choice. A retention strategy should speci-fy a quantified prtjblem and measur-able objectives. Good managers use a process approach to solving prob-lems. To achieve worthwhile results, performance measurement framework for implementation of the strategic direction. As implementation of the Recruitment and Employee Retention strategies is a complex endeav- or involving many stakeholders and projects, accountability is essential to effective perfor-mance measurement. While the Recruitment and Employee Retention strategies will provide direction for recruitment and retention

(cost paid by employee) Parenting guide: tips to help new parents successfully return from a leave of absence – Lactation rooms– Casual dress policies– REtEntion tHRoUGH CoMPEnSation It’s impossible to consider your organization’s retention strategies without also looking at your compensation package. Every compensation plan should be completion of organization’s goals and objectives. Employee retention is key element for improving the Employee’s productivity. Employee retention may help organization performance to be improved and it is concerned to smoothing business process. In most of the jobs concerned to …

Background: There are several studies conducted on organization’s retention strategy for various sectors, however, few studies explore the link between employee benefit as retention strategy in restaurant chains in India. Objective: This study explores employee benefits as retention strategy in a chain of restaurants in India. Organizational Culture and Retention Key Points To this point, we have considered some specific HRM practices that have been linked to employee retention. There is little doubt that recruitment and selection, socialization, training and development, performance management, and compensation and benefits contributedirectly to an organization'sability to attract and retain good employees. We have

The study empirically examines the relationship between employee retention strategies and organizational performance. Using a sample size of 120 respondents in a leading beverage establishment in Nigeria, the results shows that organizations with adequate employee retention strategies in form of enhanced and regular monthly Salary package Employee Retention Models and Factors Affecting . Employees Retention in IT Companies . Raminder Kaur . Ph.D Scholar (Management) (2014-2017) Kalinga University, Raipur, C.G. Enrollment No. 15021128 (KU002MMXIV02010680) Abstract . Employee Retention is a process in which the employees are encouraged to remain with the organization for the maximum period of time or until the completion of …

The Role of Employee Retention and Employee Productivity

employee retention strategies and organizational performance pdf

Compensation as a Retention Strategy Microfinance Gateway. Employee Turnover: Causes, Consequences and Retention Strategies in Saudi Organizations Article (PDF Available) В· January 2010 with 40,057 Reads How we measure 'reads', This study focuses on analyzing and exploring the impact of performance management system on employee performance. According to Chan and Lynn (1991), the organizational performance criteria should include profitability, productivity, marketing effectiveness, customer satisfaction, but also employee morale. In this.

(PDF) IMPORTANCE OF EMPLOYEE RETENTION IN THE OVERALL

Compensation as a Retention Strategy Microfinance Gateway. Employee Retention Models and Factors Affecting . Employees Retention in IT Companies . Raminder Kaur . Ph.D Scholar (Management) (2014-2017) Kalinga University, Raipur, C.G. Enrollment No. 15021128 (KU002MMXIV02010680) Abstract . Employee Retention is a process in which the employees are encouraged to remain with the organization for the maximum period of time or until the completion of …, organizational culture is vital factor to retain employee so the organization always strive for the betterment of the working culture. New policies and practices can be implemented there [48]. 2.8 LEADERSHIP A study on employee retention and engagement stated ….

components which contribute towards employee retention strategies. Without properly implemented strategies for employee retention, the organization may face high employee turnover rates. The bottom line is that increased longevity of an employee’s tenure is better for the organization’s overall performance. We offer a series of components which contribute towards employee retention strategies. Without properly implemented strategies for employee retention, the organization may face high employee turnover rates. The bottom line is that increased longevity of an employee’s tenure is better for the organization’s overall performance. We offer a series of

Compensation packages: a strategic tool for employees’ performance and retention Omotayo A. OSIBANJO, Anthonia A. ADENIJI, Hezekiah O. FALOLA, Princess T. HEIRSMAC 70 that serves to achieve employee satisfaction and retention as well as improve performance [20]. Direct compensation includes wages, salaries, bonuses or commission. Indirect Organizational Culture and Retention Key Points To this point, we have considered some specific HRM practices that have been linked to employee retention. There is little doubt that recruitment and selection, socialization, training and development, performance management, and compensation and benefits contributedirectly to an organization'sability to attract and retain good employees. We have

Employee retention refers to the ability of an organization to retain its employees. Employee retention can be represented by a simple statistic (for example, a retention rate of 80% usually indicates that an organization kept 80% of its employees in a given period). Employees are the assets of any organization. The organizations have to strive to retain the talents of the employees by implementing effective retention strategies. These strategies would subsequently have an impact on productivity and sustainability of the organization. Employee retention refers to the various policies and practices which let

Employee retention refers to all those practices which let the employees stick to an organization for a longer time. Employee retention techniques go a long way in motivating the employees for them to enjoy their work and avoid changing jobs frequently. Employee retention refers to all those practices which let the employees stick to an organization for a longer time. Employee retention techniques go a long way in motivating the employees for them to enjoy their work and avoid changing jobs frequently.

Employee Turnover: Causes, Consequences and Retention Strategies in Saudi Organizations Article (PDF Available) В· January 2010 with 40,057 Reads How we measure 'reads' Employee Turnover: Causes, Consequences and Retention Strategies in Saudi Organizations Article (PDF Available) В· January 2010 with 40,057 Reads How we measure 'reads'

organizational effectiveness, business managers need to focus on engaging and aligning their employees, the structure, people management models and competencies to the organizational strategy. This commitment results in high employee retention, high financial performance and high customers’ satisfaction (Muhammad, Naseer, Sheraz, & Mahfooz Literature Review . Impact of Employee Retention on Performance of a Company. Literature Review. Impact of Employee Retention on Performance of a Company explains that Employee retention have two different aspects one is that when employee feel retain in the company for long time then he didn’t do work properly and feel free from duty, didn

Employee retention refers to the ability of an organization to retain its employees. Employee retention can be represented by a simple statistic (for example, a retention rate of 80% usually indicates that an organization kept 80% of its employees in a given period). Employee retention refers to the ability of an organization to retain its employees. Employee retention can be represented by a simple statistic (for example, a retention rate of 80% usually indicates that an organization kept 80% of its employees in a given period).

Definition, effects on turnover and retention strategies are included for each factor. Keywords human resources, retention, employee retention, demographic factors in retention Comments Suggested Citation Muir, M. R. (2014).What are the top factors that drive employee retention and are there demographic (gender, The study empirically examines the relationship between employee retention strategies and organizational performance. Using a sample size of 120 respondents in a leading beverage establishment in Nigeria, the results shows that organizations with adequate employee retention strategies in form of enhanced and regular monthly Salary package

sensitivity of the issue of retention to any organization, the present study tries to review the various available literature and research work on employee retention and the factors affecting employee retention and job satisfaction among the employees. Keywords: Human resources, employee retention, job satisfaction, literature. sensitivity of the issue of retention to any organization, the present study tries to review the various available literature and research work on employee retention and the factors affecting employee retention and job satisfaction among the employees. Keywords: Human resources, employee retention, job satisfaction, literature.

Compensation as a Retention Strategy EXECUTIVE SUMMARY In today’s globalized economy, the importance of opportunities for growth, advancement, and work-life balance in the office vary from employee to employee. If one or all of those needs are not met, employees may seek employment elsewhere. The role of Human Employee Retention Models and Factors Affecting . Employees Retention in IT Companies . Raminder Kaur . Ph.D Scholar (Management) (2014-2017) Kalinga University, Raipur, C.G. Enrollment No. 15021128 (KU002MMXIV02010680) Abstract . Employee Retention is a process in which the employees are encouraged to remain with the organization for the maximum period of time or until the completion of …

Employee Turnover Causes Consequences and Retention

employee retention strategies and organizational performance pdf

Organizational retention strategies and employee. (cost paid by employee) Parenting guide: tips to help new parents successfully return from a leave of absence – Lactation rooms– Casual dress policies– REtEntion tHRoUGH CoMPEnSation It’s impossible to consider your organization’s retention strategies without also looking at your compensation package. Every compensation plan should be, Employee retention refers to all those practices which let the employees stick to an organization for a longer time. Employee retention techniques go a long way in motivating the employees for them to enjoy their work and avoid changing jobs frequently..

employee retention strategies and organizational performance pdf

Employee Retention Strategies and Organizational Performance

employee retention strategies and organizational performance pdf

Employee Turnover and Organizational Performance in U.S. The purpose of the study was to investigate the influence of employee retention strategies on the performance of Kenya Power and Lighting Company Limited. The literature is mainly on theoretical foundation of the study, employee retention, organizational performance and effects of Employee Retentions on Organizational Performance. For this https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_resource_policies Compensation as a Retention Strategy EXECUTIVE SUMMARY In today’s globalized economy, the importance of opportunities for growth, advancement, and work-life balance in the office vary from employee to employee. If one or all of those needs are not met, employees may seek employment elsewhere. The role of Human.

employee retention strategies and organizational performance pdf

  • Compensation as a Retention Strategy Microfinance Gateway
  • Employee Retention Strategies And Organizational Performance
  • What is Employee Retention? Benefits and Disadvantages

  • This study focuses on analyzing and exploring the impact of performance management system on employee performance. According to Chan and Lynn (1991), the organizational performance criteria should include profitability, productivity, marketing effectiveness, customer satisfaction, but also employee morale. In this for practice is that any organization that fails to put in place adequate employee retention strategies is not likely to retain competent and motivated workforce in its employment and hence experience frequent labour turnover and poor organizational performance.

    Background: There are several studies conducted on organization’s retention strategy for various sectors, however, few studies explore the link between employee benefit as retention strategy in restaurant chains in India. Objective: This study explores employee benefits as retention strategy in a chain of restaurants in India. The purpose of the study was to investigate the influence of employee retention strategies on the performance of Kenya Power and Lighting Company Limited. The literature is mainly on theoretical foundation of the study, employee retention, organizational performance and effects of Employee Retentions on Organizational Performance. For this

    7 Great Employee Retention Strategies Chad Halvorson-- When 7 Best Practices for an Effective Employee Performance Review. Comments. Share Your Thoughts on 7 Great Employee Retention Strategies. 13 Comments . Jennifer Orr says: June 17, 2015 at 2:08 pm. These are great! I worked for a company for 4 1/2 years and they really did well with employee retention when I first started. As the right staff improves and sustains organizational performance. The impact of an organization‟s selection system influence bottom-line business outcomes, such as productivity and financial performance a dream for any organization. In the operations of any organization, recruitment and …

    Employee retention refers to the ability of an organization to retain its employees. Employee retention can be represented by a simple statistic (for example, a retention rate of 80% usually indicates that an organization kept 80% of its employees in a given period). The study empirically examines the relationship between employee retention strategies and organizational performance. Using a sample size of 120 respondents in a leading beverage establishment in Nigeria, the results shows that organizations with adequate employee retention strategies in form of enhanced and regular monthly Salary package

    Employee Retention Models and Factors Affecting . Employees Retention in IT Companies . Raminder Kaur . Ph.D Scholar (Management) (2014-2017) Kalinga University, Raipur, C.G. Enrollment No. 15021128 (KU002MMXIV02010680) Abstract . Employee Retention is a process in which the employees are encouraged to remain with the organization for the maximum period of time or until the completion of … effectiveness and job performance of an organization. However, there are not much research been done for this specific area. This study is designed to investigate the relationship between retention strategies and job performance in Malaysia banking industry. At the same time, the study is also aimed to examine

    Employee Turnover: Causes, Consequences and Retention Strategies in Saudi Organizations Article (PDF Available) В· January 2010 with 40,057 Reads How we measure 'reads' The study empirically examines the relationship between employee retention strategies and organizational performance. Using a sample size of 120 respondents in a leading beverage establishment in

    tious. This study focuses on employee retention. Employee retention is concerned with keeping or encouraging employees to remain in an organization for a maximum period of time [1] . Mita (2014) defined employee retention as “a technique adopted by businesses to effectiveness and job performance of an organization. However, there are not much research been done for this specific area. This study is designed to investigate the relationship between retention strategies and job performance in Malaysia banking industry. At the same time, the study is also aimed to examine

    components which contribute towards employee retention strategies. Without properly implemented strategies for employee retention, the organization may face high employee turnover rates. The bottom line is that increased longevity of an employee’s tenure is better for the organization’s overall performance. We offer a series of 28/06/2017 · With an emphasis on the type of employee turnover as a situational factor, this research establishes the hypothesized relationships between different employee turnovers—employee transfers, quits, and involuntary turnover—and organizational performance, and tests them using panel data from 2010 to 2014 in agencies of the U.S. federal

    Employee Retention Models and Factors Affecting . Employees Retention in IT Companies . Raminder Kaur . Ph.D Scholar (Management) (2014-2017) Kalinga University, Raipur, C.G. Enrollment No. 15021128 (KU002MMXIV02010680) Abstract . Employee Retention is a process in which the employees are encouraged to remain with the organization for the maximum period of time or until the completion of … organizational effectiveness, business managers need to focus on engaging and aligning their employees, the structure, people management models and competencies to the organizational strategy. This commitment results in high employee retention, high financial performance and high customers’ satisfaction (Muhammad, Naseer, Sheraz, & Mahfooz

    This study focuses on analyzing and exploring the impact of performance management system on employee performance. According to Chan and Lynn (1991), the organizational performance criteria should include profitability, productivity, marketing effectiveness, customer satisfaction, but also employee morale. In this tious. This study focuses on employee retention. Employee retention is concerned with keeping or encouraging employees to remain in an organization for a maximum period of time [1] . Mita (2014) defined employee retention as “a technique adopted by businesses to

    employee retention strategies and organizational performance pdf

    tious. This study focuses on employee retention. Employee retention is concerned with keeping or encouraging employees to remain in an organization for a maximum period of time [1] . Mita (2014) defined employee retention as “a technique adopted by businesses to Employees are the assets of any organization. The organizations have to strive to retain the talents of the employees by implementing effective retention strategies. These strategies would subsequently have an impact on productivity and sustainability of the organization. Employee retention refers to the various policies and practices which let